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Network protocols are essential for internet communication, enabling seamless data exchange between devices. Below are the top 8 protocols and their functionalities:
🔷 FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
▸ Transfers files between systems.
Command:
ftp [bash]
🔷 WebSocket
▸ Enables real-time bidirectional communication.
JavaScript Example:
const socket = new WebSocket('ws://example.com');
🔷 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
▸ Sends emails between servers.
Test SMTP via Telnet:
telnet smtp.example.com 25
🔷 UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
▸ Fast, connectionless protocol for streaming.
Netcat UDP Test:
nc -u [bash] [bash]
🔷 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
▸ Reliable, ordered data delivery.
Check Open TCP Ports:
netstat -tuln
🔷 HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)
▸ Encrypted web communication.
Test SSL Certificate:
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443
🔷 HTTP/3
▸ HTTP over QUIC for faster performance.
Curl HTTP/3 Request:
curl --http3 https://example.com
🔷 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
▸ Standard web data transfer.
Simple HTTP Server (Python):
python3 -m http.server 8000
You Should Know:
1. Testing FTP Server Access
lftp -u username,password ftp://server.com
2. Monitoring Network Traffic (TCP/UDP)
sudo tcpdump -i eth0
3. Sending Emails via SMTP (Command Line)
swaks --to [email protected] --from [email protected] --server smtp.example.com
4. Checking HTTP Headers
curl -I https://example.com
5. Testing WebSocket Connection
wscat -c ws://echo.websocket.org
6. Measuring UDP Latency
iperf -u -c [bash]
7. Verifying HTTPS Certificate Chain
openssl s_client -showcerts -connect example.com:443
8. HTTP/3 Debugging
nghttp -v --http3-only https://example.com
What Undercode Say:
Understanding network protocols is crucial for cybersecurity, DevOps, and IT infrastructure. Mastering these commands enhances troubleshooting, security testing, and system optimization.
Prediction:
HTTP/3 adoption will grow rapidly, replacing HTTP/2 for low-latency applications.
Expected Output:
$ curl --http3 https://example.com HTTP/3 200 Content-Type: text/html
Relevant URL:
(End of )
References:
Reported By: Bonagirisandeep Top – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅
