Breaking Boundaries: Unraveling AD Cross-Forest Attack Paths

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TROOPERS Conference & Workshops AD & Entra ID Security Track Highlights

  1. Jonas Bülow Knudsen: Breaking Boundaries: Unraveling AD Cross-Forest Attack Paths
    https://lnkd.in/edJ6sBy7

  2. Martin Haller: RBAC: The Shady Place Behind Basic Entra ID Security
    https://lnkd.in/emWtjSs7

  3. Yuha Chudo & Nobuhiro Nagai: Hopping Across Devices: Expanding Lateral Movement through Pass-the-Certificate Attack
    https://lnkd.in/edE526_s

  4. Jorge de Almeida Pinto: Demystifying Managed Service Accounts: Unveiling Best Practices and Security Measures
    https://lnkd.in/e7T2ekPv

  5. Priyank: Beyond LSASS: Cutting-Edge Techniques for Undetectable Threat Emulation
    https://lnkd.in/eD4vgBhm

  6. Dirk-jan Mollema & Fabian Bader: Finding Entra ID CA Bypasses – The Structured Way
    https://lnkd.in/eVMrsYgm

  7. Dr. Nestori Syynimaa: The Ultimate Guide for Protecting Hybrid Identities in Entra ID
    https://lnkd.in/eUZhiTuc

8. Fabian M.: Revisiting Cross Session Activation Attacks

https://lnkd.in/ep5bBHJR

  1. Shang-De Jiang & Kazma Ye: Breaking Down macOS Intune SSO: PRT Token Theft and Platform Comparison
    https://lnkd.in/eYD8ddDP

  2. Simon Maxwell-Stewart: Restless Guest: A Novel Entra ID Vulnerability
    https://lnkd.in/er-drekR

  3. Duane Michael & Garrett F.: Still Overlooked, Still Overprivileged
    https://lnkd.in/exNJY4Z3

You Should Know: Practical Techniques for AD & Entra ID Security

1. Enumerating Cross-Forest Trusts

Get-ADTrust -Filter  | Select Name, Direction, Source, Target

Use `nltest` for trust validation:

nltest /domain_trusts

2. Detecting Golden Ticket Attacks

Check for abnormal Kerberos TGT requests:

sudo grep 'TGT_REQUEST' /var/log/auth.log

3. Securing Managed Service Accounts (MSAs)

Audit MSAs with PowerShell:

Get-ADServiceAccount -Filter  | Select Name, Enabled, PrincipalsAllowedToRetrieveManagedPassword

4. Hunting for Pass-the-Certificate Attacks

Monitor certificate-based authentication:

Get-WinEvent -LogName 'Microsoft-Windows-CertificateServicesClient-Lifecycle-System/Operational' | Where-Object {$_.ID -eq 1001}

5. Entra ID Conditional Access Bypass Detection

Check sign-in logs for anomalies:

Get-AzureADAuditSignInLogs -Filter "status/errorCode ne 0"

6. LSASS Protection & Memory Dumping Prevention

Enable LSASS protection (Windows Defender):

reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\lsass.exe" /v AuditLevel /t REG_DWORD /d 8

7. macOS Intune SSO Token Theft Mitigation

Monitor PRT token usage:

log stream --predicate 'eventMessage contains "PRT"'

What Undercode Say

Active Directory (AD) and Entra ID security remains a critical battleground for attackers and defenders. Cross-forest trust abuses, RBAC misconfigurations, and lateral movement techniques like Pass-the-Certificate highlight the need for continuous monitoring.

  • Key Commands:
  • Linux: `klist` (Kerberos ticket inspection), `sssd` (debugging AD integration).
  • Windows: `Test-ComputerSecureChannel` (domain trust verification), `mimikatz` (post-exploitation analysis).
  • Azure: `az rest` (Entra ID API queries), `Get-AzureADPolicy` (conditional access checks).

  • Proactive Measures:

  • Enable LSA Protection (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\RunAsPPL).
  • Enforce SMB signing (Set-SmbClientConfiguration -RequireSecuritySignature $true).

Expected Output:

A hardened AD/Entra ID environment with reduced attack surface, monitored trust relationships, and mitigated credential theft vectors.

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References:

Reported By: Enno Rey – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅

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