Top Cybersecurity Interview/Viva Questions!🔥

Cybersecurity

1. What is the CIA triad?

1. What is Risk, Threat, and Vulnerability in a network?
2. What are IDS and IPS, and how do you differentiate between IDS and IPS systems?

4. What is a SIEM?

1. What are black hat, white hat, and grey hat hackers?

6. What do you know about application security?

1. What are the OSI layers, and what is the job of the network layer?

8. What is DHCP?

1. What are some common port numbers and their services?
2. Can you explain the TCP three-way handshake method?
3. What is the difference between encryption and hashes?
4. What are three types of malware, and can you explain them in more detail?
5. What is a DMZ, and what would you most likely find in it?

14. What is Cyber Kill Chain?

15. What is MITRE ATT&CK?

VAPT/Pentesting

1. What is a specific definition of pentesting?

1. What are the three types of pentesting methodologies?
2. What are the teams that can carry out a pentest?
3. Explain what cross-site scripting (XSS) is all about.
4. What are SSL and TLS, and how exactly do SSL/TLS work?
5. How do you begin scoping a penetration testing engagement?
6. What steps do you follow when performing reconnaissance?

8. How do you perform a vulnerability assessment?

1. Describe your approach to exploiting a web application.
2. How do you protect an application against SQL injection attacks?
3. How do you protect an application against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)?

Practice Verified Codes and Commands

• CIA Triad Example:

  </li>
  </ul>
  
  <h1>Confidentiality: Encrypt a file using OpenSSL</h1>
  
  openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -salt -in file.txt -out file.enc
  
  <h1>Integrity: Generate a SHA-256 hash of a file</h1>
  
  sha256sum file.txt
  
  <h1>Availability: Check network connectivity</h1>
  
  ping google.com 
  

  • IDS/IPS Example:

    </li>
    </ul>
    
    <h1>Install and configure Suricata (IDS/IPS)</h1>
    
    sudo apt-get update 
    sudo apt-get install suricata 
    sudo suricata-update 
    sudo systemctl start suricata 
    

    • SIEM Example:

      </li>
      </ul>
      
      <h1>Install ELK Stack for SIEM</h1>
      
      sudo apt-get install elasticsearch kibana logstash 
      sudo systemctl start elasticsearch 
      sudo systemctl start kibana 
      

      • TCP Three-Way Handshake Example:

        </li>
        </ul>
        
        <h1>Use tcpdump to capture TCP handshake</h1>
        
        sudo tcpdump -i eth0 'tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn|tcp-ack) != 0' 
        

        • SQL Injection Protection Example:

          </li>
          </ul>
          
          <h1>Use parameterized queries in Python with SQLite</h1>
          
          import sqlite3 
          conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db') 
          cursor = conn.cursor() 
          cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = ?", (user_input,)) 
          

          What Undercode Says

          Cybersecurity is a critical field that requires a deep understanding of both theoretical concepts and practical skills. The CIA triad—Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability—forms the foundation of security practices. Tools like OpenSSL for encryption, Suricata for intrusion detection, and ELK Stack for SIEM are essential for implementing robust security measures. Understanding network protocols, such as the TCP three-way handshake, and securing applications against vulnerabilities like SQL injection and XSS are vital for penetration testers and security professionals.

          Linux commands like openssl, sha256sum, ping, and `tcpdump` are indispensable for cybersecurity tasks. Windows users can leverage PowerShell for similar tasks, such as checking network connectivity with `Test-NetConnection` or managing services with Get-Service.

          For further reading, explore resources like OWASP for application security, MITRE ATT&CK for threat modeling, and Suricata Documentation for IDS/IPS implementation.

          Mastering these concepts and tools will not only help you ace cybersecurity interviews but also prepare you for real-world challenges in securing systems and networks.

          References:

          initially reported by: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/sabber-hossen-a4b67b1ba_bugbounty-bugbountytips-cve-activity-7300757372199751680-C_37 – Hackers Feeds
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