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Whether you’re a seasoned sys administrator, a developer, or just starting your Linux journey, knowing the right commands can save you time and supercharge your productivity. Here’s a quick rundown of essential Linux commands to help you navigate, manage, and optimize your system like a pro!
File & Directory Management
ls: List directory contents.ls -l # Detailed list ls -a # Include hidden files
cd: Change directories.cd /path/to/directory # Absolute path cd .. # Move up one directory
mkdir: Create directories.mkdir new_folder mkdir -p parent/child # Create nested directories
rm: Delete files (use with caution!).rm file.txt rm -r folder # Recursively delete directory
cp: Copy files and directories.cp file.txt /destination/ cp -r folder /destination/ # Copy directories
mv: Move or rename files.mv file.txt /new/location/ mv old_name.txt new_name.txt # Rename file
find: Locate files and directories.find /path -name "*.txt" # Find all .txt files
Text Processing & Searching
grep: Search for patterns in files.grep "search_term" file.txt grep -i "term" file.txt # Case-insensitive search
sed: Find, replace, or delete text.sed 's/old/new/' file.txt # Replace first occurrence per line sed -i 's/old/new/g' file.txt # Replace all occurrences in file
awk: Manipulate and analyze text data.awk '{print $1}' file.txt # Print first column awk '/pattern/ {print $0}' file.txt # Print lines matching patterncat: Display file content.cat file.txt cat file1.txt file2.txt > combined.txt # Concatenate files
head/tail: View the beginning or end of a file.head -n 10 file.txt # First 10 lines tail -n 10 file.txt # Last 10 lines
System & Process Management
top: Monitor system processes in real-time.top
ps: Snapshot of running processes.ps aux # Display all processes
kill: Terminate unresponsive processes.kill PID # Terminate process by ID kill -9 PID # Forcefully terminate
df: Check disk space usage.df -h # Human-readable format
du: Analyze file and directory storage.du -sh /path # directory size
Networking & Troubleshooting
ping: Test network connectivity.ping google.com
curl: Transfer data via URLs.curl -O https://example.com/file.txt # Download file
scp: Securely copy files between systems.scp file.txt user@remote:/path/
ifconfig: Configure network interfaces.ifconfig eth0 # Display interface details
netstat: Display network connections and routing tables.netstat -tuln # List listening ports
Pro Tips
- Use `man` to access command manuals (e.g.,
man ls). - Combine commands with `|` (pipes) for powerful workflows.
cat file.txt | grep "term" | wc -l # Count lines matching term
- Schedule tasks with `cron` for automation.
crontab -e # Edit cron jobs
You Should Know:
- Automate Backups with
rsync:rsync -avz /source/ /backup/ # Sync and compress files
- Monitor Logs in Real-Time:
tail -f /var/log/syslog # Follow log updates
- Check System Uptime:
uptime # Display system uptime
- Find Large Files:
find / -type f -size +100M # Files larger than 100MB
- Compress Files with
tar:tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /folder # Create compressed archive
What Undercode Say:
Linux commands are the backbone of system administration and development. Mastering these commands not only enhances productivity but also provides deeper control over your systems. From file management to network troubleshooting, these tools are indispensable for IT professionals. Practice these commands regularly to build confidence and efficiency in your workflow.
Expected Output:
- A well-organized cheat sheet of Linux commands.
- Practical examples and use cases for each command.
- Tips for automation and advanced usage.
- A comprehensive guide to mastering Linux for IT professionals.
References:
Reported By: Asid Mahmood1 – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅
