Hackeur éthique : entre légalité et illégalité des intrusions, que dit le droit ?

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The ethical hacker’s role sits at the intersection of cybersecurity and legality. While their goal is to identify vulnerabilities, unauthorized intrusions—even with good intentions—can lead to legal consequences. This article explores the legal boundaries of ethical hacking and how to stay compliant.

You Should Know:

1. Legal Frameworks for Ethical Hacking

Ethical hacking is legal only with explicit permission. Key laws include:
– Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) (US)
– General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (EU)
– 323 of the French Penal Code (unauthorized access is punishable)

Command to Check System Logs (Linux):

sudo cat /var/log/auth.log | grep "Failed password"

This helps detect unauthorized access attempts.

#### **2. Penetration Testing Best Practices**

Always obtain a signed agreement before testing. Use tools like:
Nmap (Network scanning)

nmap -sS -T4 -A target.com

Metasploit (Exploitation framework)

msfconsole -q
use exploit/multi/handler
set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

#### **3. Reporting Vulnerabilities Legally**

Submit findings via responsible disclosure programs (e.g., Bugcrowd, HackerOne).

**Example HTTP Request for Vulnerability Reporting:**

curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"vulnerability": "SQLi", "severity": "high"}' https://example.com/report

#### **4. Windows Security Auditing**

Check open ports with:

Test-NetConnection -ComputerName target -Port 80

#### **5. Legal Reconnaissance with WHOIS**

whois example.com

### **What Undercode Say:**

Ethical hacking requires strict adherence to legal guidelines. Unauthorized access, even for research, can result in severe penalties. Always:
– Obtain written consent.
– Follow OSSTMM or PTES frameworks.
– Use encrypted channels (e.g., SSH) for testing:

ssh -i key.pem user@target

– Monitor compliance with Wireshark:

wireshark -k -i eth0

**Expected Output:**

A legally compliant penetration test report with documented vulnerabilities and remediation steps.

**Reference:**

Hackeur éthique : entre légalité et illégalité des intrusions, que dit le droit ? – INCYBER NEWS

References:

Reported By: Piveteau Pierre – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅

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