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Introduction
Cybersecurity is a critical field requiring hands-on expertise in tools, commands, and mitigation strategies. This article provides verified commands for Linux, Windows, and cybersecurity tools, along with step-by-step guides to strengthen your technical skills.
Learning Objectives
- Master key Linux/Windows commands for security tasks.
- Understand vulnerability exploitation and mitigation techniques.
- Learn cloud security hardening practices.
1. Linux: Checking Open Ports with `netstat`
Command:
netstat -tuln
Explanation:
This command lists all listening ports (-l), showing TCP (-t) and UDP (-u) connections without resolving hostnames (-n). Use it to detect unauthorized services.
Steps:
1. Open a terminal.
2. Run `netstat -tuln`.
3. Investigate unfamiliar ports using `lsof -i :`.</h2>
<h2 style="color: yellow;">2. Windows: Detecting Suspicious Processes with `tasklist`</h2>
<h2 style="color: yellow;">Command:</h2>
[bash]
tasklist /svc
Explanation:
Lists running processes and associated services. Compare output against baseline to identify malware.
Steps:
1. Launch Command Prompt as Administrator.
2. Run `tasklist /svc`.
- Cross-check with `Get-Process` in PowerShell for deeper analysis.
3. Cloud Security: Hardening AWS S3 Buckets
Command (AWS CLI):
aws s3api put-bucket-acl --bucket [bash] --acl private
Explanation:
Ensures S3 buckets are not publicly accessible. Always enable logging and versioning.
Steps:
1. Install AWS CLI and configure credentials.
2. Run the command, replacing ``.</h2>
<h2 style="color: yellow;">3. Verify with `aws s3api get-bucket-acl`.</h2>
<h2 style="color: yellow;">4. Vulnerability Scanning with `nmap`</h2>
<h2 style="color: yellow;">Command:</h2>
[bash]
nmap -sV -O [bash]
Explanation:
Detects service versions (-sV) and OS (-O) for vulnerability assessment.
Steps:
1. Install `nmap` (`sudo apt install nmap`).
2. Run the scan.
3. Analyze results for outdated services.
5. API Security: Testing for SQL Injection
Command (using `sqlmap`):
sqlmap -u "http://example.com/api?user=1" --dbs
Explanation:
Automates SQL injection testing. Use ethically and with permission.
Steps:
1. Install `sqlmap` (`pip install sqlmap`).
2. Test endpoints for vulnerabilities.
3. Patch inputs with parameterized queries.
6. Incident Response: Memory Dump with `Volatility`
Command:
volatility -f [bash] pslist
Explanation:
Analyzes malware in memory dumps. Requires a memory dump file (e.g., .raw).
Steps:
1. Install Volatility (`pip install volatility3`).
2. Run the command to list processes.
3. Identify malicious processes by anomalies.
7. Firewall Hardening in Linux with `ufw`
Command:
sudo ufw enable && sudo ufw default deny incoming
Explanation:
Enables Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) and blocks all incoming traffic by default.
Steps:
1. Install UFW (`sudo apt install ufw`).
2. Run the command.
- Allow specific ports with
sudo ufw allow [bash].
What Undercode Say
- Key Takeaway 1: Automation (e.g.,
nmap,sqlmap) is critical for scalable security testing. - Key Takeaway 2: Cloud misconfigurations (e.g., public S3 buckets) remain a top attack vector.
Analysis:
The rise of AI-driven attacks demands proactive hardening. Commands like `netstat` and `tasklist` provide foundational visibility, while tools like Volatility and `ufw` enable advanced defense. Continuous training in these techniques is non-negotiable for modern IT teams.
Prediction
By 2025, AI-powered penetration testing tools will dominate cybersecurity workflows, but manual command-line expertise will remain indispensable for debugging and custom exploits. Organizations must balance automation with deep technical training.
IT/Security Reporter URL:
Reported By: Priyank Gada – Hackers Feeds
Extra Hub: Undercode MoN
Basic Verification: Pass ✅
